cobbler配置

发表于2018/01/30由pm

流程记录

  1. 软件包安装 并关闭SELinux

– 配置epel源，直接使用yum安装



yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp bind pykickstart tftp -y
  • 需要注意dhcp/bind需要单独安装一下，cobbler没依赖dhcp/bind


sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config

setenforce 0

systemctl restart cobblerd
  1. 配置cobbler参数

– 修改/etc/cobbler/settings的参数



allow_dynamic_settings: 1

default_password_crypted: "$1$random-p$yqLCVPP/OBjIT02WekZic1"

next_server: 192.168.117.134

manage_dhcp: 1

manage_dns: 1

server: 192.168.117.134

manage_rsync: 1

pxe_just_once: 1 #防止循环装机

manage_forward_zones: ['gnuers.org']

manage_reverse_zones: ['10.0.0', '192.168', '172.16.123']
  • 修改dhcp池配置 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template


subnet 192.168.117.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

option routers 192.168.117.2;

option domain-name-servers 192.168.117.2;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.117.10 192.168.117.20;
  • 修改/etc/cobbler/named.template配置，named监听所有IP


options {

listen-on port 53 { any; };

directory "/var/named";

dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

allow-query { localhost; };

recursion yes;

};
  • 获取网络loader（本机有syslinux可以不安装）


cobbler get-loaders
  • 开启cobbler服务


systemctl enable cobblerd && systemctl start cobblerd

systemctl enable httpd && systemctl start httpd

systemctl enable rsyncd.service && systemctl start rsyncd.service

systemctl enable tftp && systemctl start tftp
  • 配置cobbler-web的密码


htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler

配置后可以打开https://192.168.117.134/cobbler_web 登陆web页面
– 确认cobbler配置



cobbler check
  1. 导入安装镜像

– 挂载ISO到本地并导入cobbler
直接导入会给建立一个默认的profile，使用的ks是 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks



mount CentOS-7u2.iso /mnt/CentOS7U2

cobbler import --arch=x86_64 --breed=redhat --os-version=rhel7 --path=/mnt/CentOS7U2/ --name=CentOS7U2
  • 查看命令


cobbler profile list

cobbler profile remove --name CentOS7U2-x86_64

cobbler distro list

cobbler distro remove --name CentOS7U2-x86_64
  1. 添加自己的profile

– 先配置自己的ks文件，再做profile添加
新增自己修改过的ks文件到var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/7u2diy.ks



cobbler profile add --name=Centos7U2-DIY --distro=CentOS7U2-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/7u2diy.ks
  • 设置自动运行的profile
    直接修改/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 中ONTIMEOUT为Centos7U2-DIY
  1. 创建system给特定的机器按指定的模板做自动安装


cobbler system add --name=VMDIY --profile=Centos7U2-DIY --interface=eth0 --mac=00:0c:29:e7:a2:e4 --gateway=192.168.117.2 --ip-address=192.168.117.66 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --static=1 --dns-name=test.alipay.com

mac地址为00:0c:29:e7:a2:e4的服务器开启后会按预设的模板进行装机，并分配指定IP
如果想重装已经装过的服务器，需要先设置netboot标志



cobbler system edit --name=VMDIY --netboot-enabled=1

cobbler sync

KS文件



firewall --disabled

auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

url --url=$tree

text

firstboot --enable

ignoredisk --only-use=sda

keyboard --vckeymap=cn --xlayouts='cn'

lang zh_CN.UTF-8

selinux --disabled

network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes --ipv6=auto --activate

network --hostname=Centos

rootpw --iscrypted $6$BMgqLp5skYPt6XbU$OQJIOjkvBS2l9Cykbudrtbz8Ym/F9Oc6B9IINXmzunY0pxcWSzzBucTYMV.4bnrZL8.cuhVVPaTRREwksk7Fx.

services --enabled="chronyd"

timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc

user --name=pm --password=$6$mYf50m5qC0pf4.ta$0k6i9qdr2I67DAN0C4ToOMF0Kh6mAUVf9A8oNP3WU.VJrcQwpMT1JsyArvopUxCH1Sq/NnAMur8RzTfYQUVux1 --iscrypted --gecos="pm"

bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda

clearpart --none --initlabel

part /home --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=8192

part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=1023

part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=2048

part / --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=9214

%packages

@^minimal

@core

chrony

kexec-tools

vim

wget

bind-utils

keepalived

quagga

rsync

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda

pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty

pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok

pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty

%end

%post --interpreter=/bin/bash

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ && rm -frv *

/bin/cat </etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[contrib]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com

failovermethod=priority

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

)2>&1 >> /root/post-install.log

%end

命令说明

  1. 镜像相关的操作


[root@Centos kickstarts]# cobbler distro ##

usage

=====

cobbler distro add

cobbler distro copy

cobbler distro edit

cobbler distro find

cobbler distro list

cobbler distro remove

cobbler distro rename

cobbler distro report
  1. 安装模板配置


[root@Centos kickstarts]# cobbler profile

usage

=====

cobbler profile add

cobbler profile copy

cobbler profile dumpvars

cobbler profile edit

cobbler profile find

cobbler profile getks

cobbler profile list

cobbler profile remove

cobbler profile rename

cobbler profile report
  1. 添加发型版支持
    编辑 /var/lib/cobbler/distro_signatures.json


[root@Centos kickstarts]# cobbler signature reload

usage

=====

cobbler signature reload

cobbler signature report

cobbler signature update

遇到的问题

  1. 内存不足，VM 只分了1G 内存


mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/loop0

missing codepage or helper program, or other error

in some cases useful info is found in syslog - try

dmesg | tail or so

umount: /run/initramfs/squashfs: not mounted

/sbin/dmsquash-live-root: line 273: printf: write error: no space left on device
  1. 开启gpxe后无法安装
    因为渲染出来的启动菜单的参数有问题,启动不了的时候都可以看看pxe的菜单内的参数是否正常 /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

参考

  1. https://yhuan.online/index.php/automation/cobbler.html
  2. https://wsgzao.github.io/post/cobbler/
  3. http://cobbler.github.io/manuals/quickstart/
  4. http://cobbler.github.io/manuals/2.8.0/
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